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Action theory is an area in philosophy concerned with conjectures about the processes causing intentional (wilful) human bodily movements of more or less complex kind. This area of thought has attracted strong interest of philosophers ever since Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (Third Book). Increasingly, considerations of action theory were taken up by scholars in the social sciences. With the advent of psychology and later neuroscience, many conjectures of action theory are now subject to empirical testing.